Industrial Cyclones

  • Cyclone separators utilize gravity and a vortex to remove particulates from gaseous streams. Industrial cyclones are used in pollution control applications most commonly as a first stage, lower cost method for removing larger particulate matter (PM) from effluent gas streams.
  • Because cyclone separators do not incorporate filter media or moving parts, the pressure drop (therefore, operating costs) and maintenance requirements tend to be low.
  • They can also be constructed to withstand harsh operating conditions, and since separation in cyclones is a dry process, the equipment is less prone to moisture corrosion.
  • Cyclone separators operate by incorporating centrifugal, gravitational, and inertial forces to remove fine particles suspended in air or gas. These types of separators use cyclonic action to separate particulates from a gas stream. Typically, PM enters the cyclone separator at an angle (perpendicular to the flow stream, tangentially, or from the side), and is then spun rapidly. A centrifugal force is created by the circular airflow that throws the particulate towards the wall of the cyclone. Once the PM hits the wall, it falls into a hopper below. “Clean” exhaust is then either blown through or re-circulated to be filtered again.
  • The four types include tangential, axial, helical and spiral. Body size is important because, as mentioned above, the length of the cyclone body is an important factor in collection efficiency.
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