The manufacturing sector is a very significant component of the growth of the economy in India, driving industrialisation, creating millions of jobs, and?contributing significantly to the country's gross domestic product (GDP). But lo and behold, this progress has come at an environmental cost. The manufacturing sector accounts for nearly 25 per cent of India's total greenhouse gas emissions, placing immense pressure on the nation's air, water, and land resources. The time is ripe for a green manufacturing revolution, one that aligns economic development with developmental sustainability.

A green manufacturing revolution is way overdue. This shift requires integrating environmentally friendly methods at all levels of manufacturing-from obtaining raw materials to the handling of waste at the end of a product's life cycle. Green manufacturing can significantly support sustainable development in terms of resource efficiency, minimal environmental damage, and coordination with global climate goals. The industry can become a leader in environmental stewardship by implementing strategies such as supply chain optimisation, emission control technologies, renewable energy adoption, and energy-efficient production.  

With multiple cities often ranked among the most polluted in the world, India's air quality crisis has reached a critical stage. India is home to 22 of the world's 30 most polluted cities, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Millions of people's lives are impacted by the widespread pollution and particulate matter in cities, which lower life expectancy and cause serious health problems.

The extensive use of diesel generators (DGs) is one of the major causes of this dilemma. These generators, which are necessary for commercial buildings, residential complexes, and even industrial activities, release greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides, and hazardous particulate matter. According to studies, DG sets exacerbate the issue by contributing 17–18 per cent of PM2.5 emissions during urban peak hours.

The government has taken action under the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) in recognition of the problem's urgency. This initiative was started in 2019 with the goal of lowering PM2.5 and PM10 levels by 20–30 per cent by 2024 (in comparison to 2017 levels). In order to battle air pollution, the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) are vigorously implementing these targets through stringent rules and encouraging sustainable practices.

 

An innovative way to solve India's air quality issues is through green manufacturing. The industry can lower emissions and improve operational efficiency by implementing sustainable production practices. Important tactics consist of:

 

By installing cutting-edge pollution control systems in diesel generators, particulate matter emissions are greatly reduced, guaranteeing adherence to regulations and promoting cleaner air.

The circular economy is the foundation of green production. Industries can minimise waste generation and lessen their reliance on virgin resources by adopting waste recovery technologies, creating products for prolonged lifecycles, and using recycled materials.

Manufacturers may track emissions, optimise energy use, and improve waste management by utilising cutting-edge technology like IoT, AI, and real-time monitoring systems. This increases total production while guaranteeing adherence to environmental rules.

By switching to renewable energy sources like solar, wind, or biomass from fossil fuels, enterprises can lower greenhouse gas emissions and better meet global sustainability targets. This change lowers long-term energy expenses while simultaneously lessening the impact on the environment.

With programs like ‘Make in India’ and ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat,’ the Indian government has established a solid basis for long-term economic expansion. These initiatives prioritise self-reliance, creativity, and eco-friendly production methods.

Energy efficiency improvements in energy-intensive businesses are encouraged by a number of sub-programs under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), such as the Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT) scheme. Policies that promote the use of renewable energy sources and clean technology adoption are becoming more popular.

Significant expenditures in sustainable infrastructure, renewable energy, and green technologies are also anticipated in the next Union Budget. These steps not only help the manufacturing industry but also guarantee that environmental preservation and economic growth coexist.

Making the switch to green production is not without its difficulties. High upfront costs for cutting-edge infrastructure and technologies can put off sectors, particularly small and medium-sized businesses. Additionally, widespread adoption is hampered by a lack of technological know-how and awareness but these challenges are greatly outweighed by the opportunities. Green manufacturing encourages creativity and provides access to global markets that place a high value on sustainability. By adhering to international sustainability standards, Indian producers can stand out from the competition, obtain a competitive advantage, and pursue export prospects.

Moreover, consumer preferences are changing, with a rise in the desire for environmentally friendly goods. Businesses that use green manufacturing can develop enduring brand loyalty by strengthening their bonds with eco-aware consumers.

India's manufacturing industry is at a turning point. To safeguard the future of the country, moving toward green manufacturing is not merely an option; it is a need. To propel this change, cooperation between businesses, legislators, academic institutions, and environmental groups is essential.

Stakeholders must invest in research and development to provide scalable, reasonably priced solutions that are suited to the Indian environment in order for this transition to be successful.

India can solve its air pollution problem, meet its climate targets, and establish itself as a world leader in sustainable industrial practices by adopting green manufacturing. This change aims to create a healthier, more just future for future generations, not only to cut emissions or save resources.

‘Making in India for the World’ now encompasses more than just promoting economic expansion. It involves developing an inclusive, accountable, and sustainable vision. India can change the narrative of industrial success to one that puts people and the environment first by inventing, working together, and taking the lead with a green viewpoint. The revolution in green manufacturing is a reality. The moment to take action is now, and it is a real, attainable reality. By working together, we can create an India that is a leader in sustainable innovation and leaves a legacy of clean air and a healthy environment for future generations.

Anmol Khandelwal is the Executive Director of Chakr Innovation, a leading clean energy company committed to reducing emissions and driving sustainable solutions. With over 8 years of experience spanning automotive engineering, strategy consulting, and business development, he has played a key role in in securing funding, building partnerships, and expanding the company’s market presence.